Airflow macros example.

• Airflow macros example For example, you can dynamically generate a SQL 'SELECT' statement using Jinja templating. postgres. Use Airflow Macros: templates_exts (list | None) – a list of file extensions to resolve while processing templated fields, for examples ['. Templates and Macros. The important thing to understand is options 1 and 2 are depended on how you write your DAG. ds_add(ds, 7) }}' Macros reference¶. 我们有三个不相互依赖任务，分别是t1，t2，t3 Jul 26, 2023 · airflow-example in docker. Once you have Airflow up and running with the Quick Start, these tutorials are a great way to get a sense for how Airflow works. task_id}}, {{ti. Airflow's Jinja templating engine provides built-in functions that we can use between double curly braces, and the expression will be evaluated at runtime. replace(day=1) - macros. x. macros. This is a repository centering around DAG Writing Best Practices. To extract the year from the logical date, I used the module macros (which sits in airflow. As a service Airflow consists of multiple components. gcs_to_s3 import GCSToS3Operator # Will show up in Connections screen in a future version; class PluginHook (BaseHook): pass # Will show up under airflow. Since airflow Macros are evaluated while the task gets run, it is possible to provide parameters that can change during execution. This command dumps information about loaded plugins. py in this case). uuid. For example, passing the result of one operator to another one that runs after it. , '20240101'). You can also pass files to the bash_command, such as bash_command='templated_command. from datetime import datetime timetoday = kwa Jan 10, 2014 · Macros reference¶. See more on that in this question: Make custom Airflow macros expand other macros. Jan 10, 2012 · Macros reference¶. Jan 12, 2018 · 创建DAG实例时可传递JSON格式参数，通过`airflow trigger_dag`命令实现。任务中可获取这些参数，它们被序列化存储在`dag_run`表的`conf`字段中。执行Operator时，可以从上下文中获取DagRun实例及其conf参数。 Adding a custom function to Airflow is quite simple. 1提供了稳定的REST API，这样可以通过这些REST API来对airflow中的任务进行操作。airflow中的REST接口的说明可以查看这里的文档。 1. It's only during this second step that the variables provided by airflow (execution_date, ds, etc Oct 11, 2021 · Documentation on the nature of context is pretty sparse at the moment. Jun 19, 2023 · from airflow. It's only during this second step that the variables provided by airflow (execution_date, ds, etc Jan 10, 2012 · This should result in displaying a verbose log of events and ultimately running your bash command and printing the result. Additional custom macros can be added globally through Plugins, or at a DAG level through the DAG. There’s also a need for a set of more complex applications to interact with different flavors of data and metadata. password }} and so on. Airflow REST API的使用 Airflow-2. Defining a function as a macro has the advantage that it is only parsed at runtime, not every time the DAG file is parsed. 0: There is no ready to use macro however you can create custom macros to address this. For example, passing dict(foo='bar') to this argument allows you to {{foo}} in all jinja templates related to this DAG. login }}, {{ conn. The macro values of TS and EXECUTION_DATE are (iirc) set to the Airflow system's UTC timezone because that's what Airflow converts everything to when persisting to the DB and displaying the UI. These are values that can be set from the Airflow UI. What for?¶ Airflow offers a generic toolbox for working Aug 24, 2019 · I encountered a problem with converting the airflow macros reference 'ts' into a datetime object. sql", parameters={'textstring':'abc'}, dag=dag ) Here textstring is the parameter name and abc is its value Now I want to get the parameter Notice that the templated_command contains code logic in {% %} blocks, references parameters like {{ds}}, and calls a function as in {{macros. Operator 在 Airflow 中代表一个工作单元。它们是工作流的构建块，允许您定义将执行哪些任务。虽然我们可以将 Operator 用于许多任务，但 Airflow 也提供了 Taskflow API ，这是一种更 Python 式的方式来定义工作流，我们稍后将对此进行介绍。 Sep 21, 2022 · │ ├── macros │ ├── models │ │ └── example # Build an Airflow DAG with DAG(dag_id="dbt_example", # The name that shows up in the UI May 16, 2017 · Here is a working example: In every place where Airflow Macros can be used, user variables (defined via user_defined_macros) can be also used. Yes, macros can be resolved in another Jinja template in Apache Airflow. It also delves into more complex cron-based intervals, providing examples and discussing the stateless nature of cron expressions, which leads to limitations in representing dependent job runs. Provides access to Airflow configuration. For ds = 2020-05-09 I expect to return: 2020-04-01 The solution I found and Oct 27, 2022 · Airflow Macros In the example above, we’ve used the macro @daily for our scheduled interval. Since Airflow uses UTC, the execution date is one day ahead, so when my DAG uses the macro {{ ds_nodash }}, it is one day ahead. user_defined_macros arg May 7, 2019 · [TOC] 导入模块 设置默认参数 在我们创建任务的时候我们可以使用这些默认参数 实例化一个DAG 我们需要一个 DAG 对象来嵌入我们的任务，下面的代码中，我们首先定义一个字符串，作为DAG的唯一标识，然后传入默认的参数字典(上面定义的)，然后定义调度的间隔为1天 任务 实例化 operator def ds_format (ds, input_format, output_format): """ Takes an input string and outputs another string as specified in the output format:param ds: input string which contains a date:type ds: str:param input_format: input string format. 1. To associate your repository with the airflow-macros topic, visit your repo's landing page and select "manage topics. uuid Variable in Airflow. Airflow also provides hooks for the pipeline author to define their own parameters, macros and templates. Jan 21, 2025 · Before diving into examples, let’s clarify which macro to use under what circumstances: {{ ds }} A string in the format YYYY-MM-DD — date only (no time). project_id. g. You want to update source code in production or test without interfering with running DAGs. Multilanguage. This macros can be used in any templated parameter. This is because Airflow uses the Jinja templating engine, which allows for the use of macros in your templates. sh’) to be executed. x) they require the module, pendulum, because there's some limited support for timezone aware scheduling. macros module. Here are some examples of what is possible: {{task. This can be useful in scenarios where you need to generate a unique identifier for each task instance, for example, when naming temporary files or tables. For example, if your job is scheduled to run daily, you can use the ds variable to inject the execution date into your SQL: Apr 14, 2021 · My goal is to return 1st day of previous month based on airflow macro variable {{ds}} and use it e. isoformat() (Example: 2018-01-01T00:00:00+00:00) to remove -& :, example: 20180101T000000. Referencing this question and this XCom example got me to the following solution. Jan 10, 2013 · Macros reference¶. providers. There are two Airflow macros available currently: ds_add and ds_format. Aug 19, 2019 · Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Please be sure to answer the question. Jan 10, 2014 · Templating with Jinja¶. SAS integrates nicely with Airflow through the SAS Airflow Provider, a package that allows SAS users to run SAS assets from Airflow. When Airflow runs, by the time it's 10pm NY time, it's already the next day on UTC time. The solution you have given is already something I have tried but failed. Feb 21, 2020 · Since macros allow users to retrieve runtime information at task run level, another great use case of macros is for job alerts, which I will demonstrate with examples in a later section. Reload to refresh your session. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Jun 24, 2019 · It formats the execution_date. What they are, how they work, how you can define them, how to get them, and more. Connection It outlines common Airflow macros for scheduling, such as @once, @hourly, @daily, @weekly, @monthly, and @yearly. Example using: {{ macros. Note that you can pass any type of object here. uuid is a built-in macro that generates a unique identifier (UUID) each time it's called. It is designed to help you learn about Airflow best practices by working through a series of exercises. utils. 工作流定义示例下面是定义工作流的示例代码： &#34;&#34;&#34; Code that goes along with the Airflow tutorial located … Templating with Jinja¶. execution_date of the next interval (= end of current Oct 28, 2023 · This contrived DAG example illustrates the issue with a simple BashOperator, but in our real world use case, it is a GlueJobOperator. Templates reference¶. Version: 2. Operator 在 Airflow 中代表一个工作单元。它们是工作流的构建块，允许您定义将执行哪些任务。虽然我们可以将 Operator 用于许多任务，但 Airflow 也提供了 Taskflow API ，这是一种更 Python 式的方式来定义工作流，我们稍后将对此进行介绍。 Macros reference¶. Jan 10, 2013 · Using Airflow plugins can be a way for companies to customize their Airflow installation to reflect their ecosystem. plugin_macro # and in templates through {{ macros. Plugins can be used as an easy way to write, share and activate new sets of features. ds_add(ds, -4)}} to get the current date - 4 date, getting out put like Aug 17, 2020 · Jinja templating allows providing dynamic content using Python code to otherwise static objects such as strings. user_defined_macros argument. For example, how to use the available constructs such as {{ds}} or {{data_interval_start }}, to create {{next_ds}}, for example. Next. You can use one of the Airflow built-in variables and macros, or you can create your own templated field to pass information at runtime. celery_executor import CeleryExecutor from airflow. 教程. dates import days_ago from datetime import datetime import pendulum import re Top of the script: Jinja templating lets you create flexible workflows in Airflow operators. Provide details and share your research! But avoid …. mytest_operator import MyTestOperator probably isn't going to work. owner}}, {{task. datetime ( 2021, 1, 1, tz = "UTC" ), catchup = False, tags =, ) def example_dag_decorator ( email : str = ): """ DAG to send server IP to email. operators. You can access them as either plain-text or JSON. models import Variable from airflow. 4 (Composer) and based on the following function, I want to have a macro that returns the name of the table in BigQuery, ie. airflow. Mar 16, 2022 · from airflow. aws. Macros in airflow provide next level of parameterization to the variables and the functions. See full list on marclamberti. May 9, 2025 · For example, Airflow has a global repository of source code in the dags/ folder that all DAG runs share. def ds_format (ds, input_format, output_format): """ Takes an input string and outputs another string as specified in the output format:param ds: input string which contains a date:type ds: str:param input_format: input string format. Examples: airflow的宏和变量可以用于模版（templates）。 默认变量 所有的模版中都可以访问airflow引擎传输默认的变量。 变量描述{{ ds }}the execut You should break out your pipelines into incremental extracts and loads wherever possible. Use macros to encapsulate complex logic. Super simple: ['ti'] comes from, you can refer to the Airflow macro Macros reference¶. . This example should render to something like: python3 script. For a manually triggered run, the output from the BashOperator in the example is: Extracting data from 2023-01-01 2023-01-01 to 2023-10-28 which is what we intend. dummy import DummyOperator from datamechanics_airflow_plugin. models import DagRun from airflow. They offer additional functionality such as execution date manipulation, branching, and more. This article aims to demystify them. include_smart_sensor -- whether to include the smart sensor native DAGs that create the smart sensor operators for whole cluster. Indeed, SubDAGs are too complicated only for grouping 教程#. json User-defined Macro What is it? In Airflow, you can parameterize your data pipelines using a combination of Variables and Macros. This makes your Aug 10, 2023 · Apache Airflow is a popular platform for designing, scheduling, and monitoring process flows. providers. If you are interested in adding your story to this publication please reach to us via include_examples -- whether to include the examples that ship with airflow or not. Variables, macros and filters can be used in templates (see the Jinja Templating section). ; xcom_push (bool) – If xcom_push is True, the last line written to stdout will also be pushed to an XCom when the bash command completes. test_conn. Jul 27, 2018 · When you have a small function which returns the wanted value, you can add it as your own macro. ds_add(ds, 1) But i am not able to figure out how to get hold of the ds variable itself which seemingly can only be Using the macros. EDIT. Airflow uses LocalExecutor by default. Parameters: bash_command (string) – The command, set of commands or reference to a bash script (must be ‘. Contribute to scalactic/airflow-example development by creating an account on GitHub. hql'] expect_airflow – expect Airflow to be installed in the target environment. ds_add(ds, 7)}} Apache Airflow, Apache, Airflow, the Airflow logo, and the Apache feather logo Feb 24, 2023 · It is useful when, for example, your inputs depend on the DAG logical date, which is the case with the bank holiday file in the project. Below is the VBA code that will create a function to extract numeric part from a string: 'This VBA code will create a function to get the numeric part from a string Function GetNumeric(CellRef As String) Dim StringLength As Integer StringLength = Len(CellRef) For i = 1 To StringLength If IsNumeric(Mid(CellRef, i, 1)) Then Result = Result & Mid(CellRef, i, 1) Next i GetNumeric = Result End Function Jun 23, 2023 · if you will set catchup=True this means that airflow will not skip runs. Basic Concept. 0? Some useful examples and our starter template to get you up and running quickly. The problem is with the tz at the end of the string. So, using your example, you'd need: SQL_INSERT_AIRFLOW_TS = f"INSERT INTO TRASH. Nov 21, 2023 · 定义 Pipeline（管道）的例子这是一个 DAG 定义文件导入模块默认参数实例化一个 DAG（Task）任务使用 Jinja 作为模版设置依赖关系回顾测试运行脚本命令行元数据验证测试实例Backfill（回填）接下来做什么 Airflow 中文文档 Aug 30, 2019 · Airflow leverages the power of Jinja Templating and provides the pipeline author with a set of built-in parameters and macros. 理解 Operator¶. it can be useful to be assured that a custom XCom backend is actually being initialized. Airflow will invoke all the 3 missing runs. replace(day=1) }}' Dec 15, 2018 · With the current versions of Airflow (1. Airflow 提供了一个用于处理数据的通用工具箱。不同的组织有不同的堆栈和不同的需求。 使用 Airflow 插件可以让公司定制他们的 Airflow 安装以反映他们的生态系统。 插件可以简便地用作编写，共享和激活新功能集。 Jan 10, 2010 · Templating with Jinja¶. dataset_name. We have already presented how SAS works with Airflow here and here. Nov 27, 2017 · Alternatively, it is also possible to add the json module to the template by doing and the json will be available for usage inside the template. This means that doing from airflow. Share. Files can also be passed to the bash_command argument, like bash_command='templated_command. First, we have do define a function in Python, for example, this one: def do_something_with_execution_date ( execution_date ): # Imagine that there is some useful code ;) Macros reference¶. 3. dagtz_next_execution_date(ti) }} Feb 26, 2023 · Let’s learn what are Airflow macros and how to use them with examples. E. TRASH. ds_add(ds, 7)}}. For a multi-node setup, you should use the Kubernetes executor or the Celery executor. 配置并创建用户 修改配置文件 修改配置文件 修改配置文件airflow. In a few places in the documentation it's referred to as a "context dictionary" or even an "execution context dictionary", but never really spelled out what that is. For Airflow < 2. amazon. The following come for free out of the box with Airflow. Airflow Variables in Templates¶ The var template variable allows you to access Airflow Variables. 做一个官方教程的搬运工，纯粹为了自己过一遍脑子。1. Using this method, you can use your pre-defined macro in any Operator without declare anything. closest_ds_partition Aug 9, 2019 · I am not sure if you have understood my problem there. Variables and macros can be used in templates (see the Jinja Templating section). Airflow leverages the power of Jinja Templating and provides the pipeline author with a set of built-in parameters and macros. #from airflow. To troubleshoot issues with plugins, you can use the airflow plugins command. tablename def May 9, 2018 · i would like to suffix macros date with nodash to my final table . see other macros https://airflow Tutorials¶. Using the CLI to execute an Airflow run helps avoid the need to spin up Airflow. In Apache Airflow, macros. Jul 25, 2021 · Starting to write DAGs in Apache Airflow 2. example_dags. uuid provides us access to the standard python UUID module. Macros¶ Macros are a way to expose objects to your templates and live under the macros namespace in your templates. Nov 3, 2023 · Airflow is a distributed system that consists of the following components: Real-world examples and use cases of Apache Airflow. sh', allowing for better organization of your code. Macros reference¶. cfg，把auth_backend选项的值修改成以下值。 Templating with Jinja¶. dataproc_operator import DataProcSparkOperator from airflow. , local, Docker, K8s, etc. If true, the operator will raise warning if Airflow is not installed, and it will attempt to load Airflow macros when starting. Airflow will replace it with the current interval (e. Nov 20, 2017 · Note, however, that although Variables let you decouple values from code, all runs of a DAG will read the same value for the variable. The python modules in the plugins folder get imported, and macros and web views get integrated to Airflow’s main collections and become available for use. py 'task3_variable's value' \ '12:21' '2018-09-16' file. May 11, 2017 · For the imports needed, consider how Airflow actually uses the plugins directory: When Airflow is running, it will add dags/, plugins/, and config/ to PATH. Airflow is an orchestration tool, which means that with sufficient permission it is capable of controlling other services in a pre-defined order and Sep 25, 2018 · I'm trying to pass a dynamic date value into a macro function ds_format. executors. macros) and the ds_format method. ). airflow官方教程——一个简单案例1. Practical Example: ETL Workflow. Content. Sep 22, 2023 · What are XCOMs in Apache Airflow? Well, you are at the right place. com Jul 1, 2017 · I would vote for making Airflow Plugin to inject your pre-defined macros. " Airflow's Jinja templating engine provides built-in functions that we can use between double curly braces, and the expression will be evaluated at runtime. Airflow also provides hooks for the pipeline author to define their Macros reference¶. If you see the example above, you can see how the image_pull_secrets value is fetched form the config. Once you have configured the executor, it is necessary to make sure that every node in the cluster contains the same configuration and dags. Below are some custom macros that we're using. In this tutorial, you will learn about XComs in Airflow. hostname}}, … Refer to the models documentation for more information on the objects’ attributes and methods. Jun 7, 2021 · Airflow 充分利用了Jinja Templating的强大功能，并为 pipline（管道）的作者提供了一组内置参数和 macros（宏）。Airflow 还为 pipline（管道）作者提供了自定义参数，macros（宏）和 templates（模板）的能力。 设置依赖关系. e. It would likely show you what's going wrong with your assumed macro expansions. I am using the below macro if sd = 2018-05-09 , {{macros. In the Bad practice example the connection to the other database is made outside of an operator instantiation as top-level code. contrib. test_plugin. You switched accounts on another tab or window. timedelta(days=1)). Additional custom macros can be added globally through ORM Extensions, or at a DAG level through the DAG. An example usage of the SQLExecuteQueryOperator to connect to MSSQL is as follows: Nov 20, 2023 · A ShortCircuitOperator example. Apr 18, 2022 · Some template variables that were quite useful in previous versions of airflow are now deprecated in favor of more general variables. Home; Project; License; Quick Start; Installation Apr 29, 2025 · For example, you can use Jinja templates to generate a daily partitioned table name: SELECT * FROM my_table WHERE date = '{{ ds }}' Macros, on the other hand, are predefined functions provided by Airflow that can be called directly within Jinja templates. However, it is probably a better idea to create a plugin like Daniel said. transfers. The second step is the execution of the dag. Airflow taskgroups are meant to replace SubDAGs, the historical way of grouping your tasks. However, I'm not sure how to emulate the previous template variables. Examples include a specific file landing in HDFS or S3, a partition appearing in Hive, or a specific time of the day. TEST_UPDATES SELECT NULL, '{{{{ data_interval_start }}}}';" Templating with Jinja¶. There are 2 mechanisms for passing variables in Airflow: (1) Jinja templating. in HiveOperator. Jan 21, 2021 · Assuming you have conn id test_conn you can use macros directly via: {{ conn. I would like to know the syntax for using them both. operator import DataMechanicsOperator from airflow. (There is a long discussion in the Github repo about "making the concept less nebulous". Dbt package for Apache Airflow inspired macros. uuid4() }}: macros. def get_last_dag_run(dag_id): //TODO search DB return xxx dag = DAG( 'example', schedule_interval='0 1 * * *', user_defined_macros={ 'last_dag_run_execution_date': get_last_dag_run, } ) Then use the KEY in your template. 贡献者：@ImPerat0R_、@ThinkingChen、@Ray、@zhongjiajie 本教程将向您介绍一些 Airflow 的基本概念、对象以及它们在编写第一个 pipline（管道）时的用法。 Jan 10, 2010 · Macros reference¶. Apr 20, 2016 · During this step, if you make function calls to fill some values, these functions won't be able to access airflow context (the execution date for example, even more if you're doing some backfilling). Jan 10, 2012 · Using Airflow plugins can be a way for companies to customize their Airflow installation to reflect their ecosystem. 2. If you checked my course “Apache Airflow: The Hands-On Guide”, Aiflow XCom should not sound unfamiliar. airflow-example in docker. Question: Depending on where Airflow is deployed i. Something like this: Mar 25, 2019 · When I run this scrip as an Airflow DAG, the date is derived from the macro {{ ds_nodash }} The problem. However, not all operator parameters are templated, so you need to make sure Jinja templating is enabled for the operators that you plan to pass macros to. read_dags_from_db -- Read DAGs from DB if True is passed. sql', '. 4 Content. tutorial " echo "{{ macros. sh', where the file location is relative to the directory containing the pipeline file (tutorial. You signed out in another tab or window. Here's an example of how you might use a macro in another Jinja template: Jun 25, 2021 · from airflow import DAG from airflow. user_defined_macros arg Mar 31, 2017 · I am able to access the macros in python code like below: partition_dt = macros. Aug 20, 2018 · You can make your own user custom macro function, use airflow model to search meta-database. You’ll notice that the templated_command includes logic in {% %} blocks and references parameters like {{ds}}. Sep 24, 2023 · An Airflow TaskGroup helps make a complex DAG easier to organize and read. Macros are the way to If you want to use a function to generate input at the top-level of the DAG, for example for a value in the DAG's default_args, you can register a custom macro. Jan 6, 2021 · This SQL script takes data from input_data filtered by date and time, and then upserts it into output_data table. host }}, {{ conn. These macros are shorthand for commonly used scheduling intervals that Airflow provides as default To see another example, the following DAG example dynamically generates tasks using the PostgresOperator based on records pulled from a different database. Contribute to yu-iskw/dbt-airflow-macros development by creating an account on GitHub. To learn about FAB-based plugins in Airflow 2, see the Airflow plugins guide 2. python import BranchPythonOperator The code snippets below are based on Airflow-2. test_conn }} so you get any connection attribute like: {{ conn. Example. Imagine you have a data pipeline with different paths of tasks that must run according to the current day. Jun 15, 2022 · Despite Airflow’s popularity in data engineering, the start_date and execution_date concepts remain confusing among many new developers today. For example, the complexity of the container environment can make it more difficult to determine if your backend is being loaded correctly during container deployment. For example, I currently can use one of them like this to add 7 days to a date: dt7 = '{{ macros. postgres import PostgresOperator. I mainly use this for image_pull_secrets and namespace as they were same as the airflow webserver in my case. macros module. Source code for airflow. 贡献者：@ImPerat0R_、@ThinkingChen、@Ray、@zhongjiajie 本教程将向您介绍一些 Airflow 的基本概念、对象以及它们在编写第一个 pipline（管道）时的用法。 理解 Operator¶. plugin_macro }} def plugin_macro (): pass user_defined_macros – a dictionary of macros that will be exposed in your jinja templates. next_ds. This works great if we just want to reuse things from the airflow config. Previous. Without these running you cannot use Airflow’s UI to execute pipelines. Templating with Jinja¶. Examples: You signed in with another tab or window. If you want runs to be passed different values, your best bet is probably to use airflow templating macros and differentiate macros with the run_id macro or similar Multi-Node Cluster¶. This makes Airflow easy to apply to current infrastructure and extend to next-gen technologies. 10. conf. hive. Apache Airflow® provides many plug-and-play operators that are ready to execute your tasks on Google Cloud Platform, Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure and many other third-party services. An example is https: Airflow macros to create dynamic argument for Operator. In order to run all of Airflow locally you will need to spin up the database, webserver, and scheduler. Was this page helpful? Yes No. You have tried this: LAST_MONTH = '{{ (execution_date. Dec 20, 2022 · When using f-string in this manner you have to escape the curly braces with additional curly braces to inject an Airflow template macro. For more information on this topic, see templating and macros in Airflow. Note that the airflow test command runs task instances locally, outputs their log to stdout (on screen), doesn’t bother with dependencies, and doesn’t communicate state (running, success, failed, …) to the database. A few commonly used libraries and methods are made available. Macros in Apache Airflow are a set of pre-defined variables or functions that can be used to perform specific operations. Some of the interesting concepts here are {{ macros. If you set catchup=False this means that airflow will skip the missing runs and will invoke 1 run for the 3 hours window. Jan 21, 2022 · I am working with Airflow 2. Oct 30, 2023 · Apache Airflow (or simply Airflow) is a platform to programmatically author, schedule, and monitor workflows. The dags/code_syntax_examples folder contains complete DAGs that show how to use different Airflow features like callbacks Sep 28, 2023 · Apache Airflow is an open-source platform designed to automate, schedule, and orchestrate complex data workflows. I will give another simple example: task = MyPostgresOperator( task_id='test_date', postgres_conn_id='redshift', sql="test_file. Legal Sep 16, 2018 · You should use the airflow render command or check the rendered view in the task instance details of the UI when debugging issues like this. Users can also create their own macros using user_defined_macros and the macro can be a variable as well as a function. By including {{ data_interval_start }} within the query. Pools. If False DAGs are read from python files. baw afwttfc hez xgnafm pweyeom iqbjaue zuwkgd rdxa tooo tfktqc